Question

Explain the term - plasmolysis.

Answer 1

Plasmolysis is the process in which cells lose water in a hypertonic solution. The reverse process, cytolysis, can occur if the cell is in a hypotonic solution resulting in a lower external osmotic pressure and a net flow of water into the cell. Through observation of plasmolysis and deplasmolysis, it is possible to determine the tonicity of the cell's environment as well as the rate solute molecules cross the cellular membrane
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Answer 2

$\large{\underline{\rm{\red{Plasmolysis:-}}}}$

→ As we know, when an external solution balances the osmotic pressure of the cytoplasm then we call it as isotonic.

→ When a cell is placed in isotonic solution, there is no net flow of water towards inside or outside. Such cells are said to be flaccid.

→ If the external solution is more dilute (higher water potential) than the cytoplasm, it is hypotonic.

→ Cells swell in hypotonic solution.

→ If the external solution is more concentrated than the cytoplasm, it is hypertonic.

→ When a cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, water moves from the cell area of high water potential across the membrane to outside area of lower water potential and the cell shrinks. It is called Plasmolysis.

→ Water is first lost from the cytoplasm and then from the vacuole.

→ During plasmolysis, the cell membrane and protoplast of a plant cell shrinks away from its cell wall. Such cells are said to be plasmolysed.