Question

Explain the types of ecosystem.

Answer 1

Answer:

An ecosystem consists of all the living and non-living things in a specific natural setting. Plants, animals, insects, microorganisms, rocks, soil, water and sunlight are major components of many ecosystems. All types of ecosystems fall into one of two categories: terrestrial or aquatic. Terrestrial ecosystems are land-based, while aquatic are water-based. The major types of ecosystems are forests, grasslands, deserts, tundra, freshwater and marine. The word “biome” may also be used to describe terrestrial ecosystems which extend across a large geographic area, such as tundra. Keep in mind, however, that within any ecosystem, specific features vary widely – for instance, an oceanic ecosystem in the Caribbean Sea will contain vastly different species than an oceanic ecosystem in the Gulf of Alaska

Answer 2

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There are essentially two kinds of ecosystems, which may be categorized into the following sub-categories :-

$\large{\boxed{{\bf\green{Terrestrial \:ecosystems}}}}$

Terrestrial ecosystems can be found anywhere apart from heavily saturated places. They are broadly classed into:

(a) Forest Ecosystems

• Under this ecosystem an abundance of flora and fauna, is seen in relatively small space. Therefore, density of living organisms is quite high. A small change in this ecosystem could affect the whole balance, bringing down the whole ecosystem services. They are further divided into:

▪️ Tropical evergreen forest:

• The forests are characterised by dense vegetation which comprises tall trees at different heights. Each level is shelter to different types of animals.

▪️Tropical deciduous forest:

• Shrubs and dense bushes rule along with a broad selection of trees. This type of forest is found in quite a few parts of the world where a large variety of fauna and flora live.

▪️Temperate evergreen forest:

• Those have quite a few numbers of trees as mosses and ferns make up for them. Trees have spiked leaves in order to minimize transpiration.

▪️Temperate deciduous forest:

• The forest is located in the moist temperate places that have sufficient rainfall. Summers and winters are clearly defined and the trees shed the leaves during the winter months.

▪️Taiga:

• Situated just before the arctic regions, the taiga is defined by evergreen conifers. As the temperature is below zero for almost half a year, the remainder of the months, it buzzes with migratory birds and insects.