explain the various gas laws based on kinetic molecular theory of gases
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The various gas laws based on kinetic molecular theory are as follows :
❇ BOYLE'S LAW ( PRESSURE - VOLUME RELATIONSHIP)
Boyle's law states that AT CONSTANT TEMPERATURE, the volume of a fixed amount of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure.
V = k1 / P
❇ CHARLES LAW ( VOLUME TEMPERATURE RELATIONSHIP) :
Charles law states that AT CONSTANT PRESSURE, the volume of a given mass of a gas increases or decreases by 1 / 273 of its volume at 0° C for each one degree rise or fall in temperature.
V1 / T1 = V2 / T2.
❇ GAY LUSSAC'S LAW ( PRESSURE - TEMPERATURE RELATIONSHIP) :
It states that AT CONSTANT VOLUME, pressure of a fixed amount of gas varies directly with temperature.
P1 / T1 = P2 / T2
❇ AVOGADRO'S LAW ( VOLUME - AMOUNT RELATIONSHIP) :
It atates that equal volume of all gases under the same conditions of temperature and pressure contain equal number of molecules.
V = k n ( k = constant, n = amount of substance)
❇ COMBINED GAS LAW OR IDEAL GAS EQUATION :
By combining Boyle's and Charle's law, we get an equation which gives the simultaneous effect of the changes of pressure and temperature on the volume of the gas. This is known as " COMBINED GAS LAW OR GAS EQUATION".
p V = n RT.
The various gas laws based on kinetic molecular theory are as follows :
❇ BOYLE'S LAW ( PRESSURE - VOLUME RELATIONSHIP)
Boyle's law states that AT CONSTANT TEMPERATURE, the volume of a fixed amount of a gas is inversely proportional to its pressure.
V = k1 / P
❇ CHARLES LAW ( VOLUME TEMPERATURE RELATIONSHIP) :
Charles law states that AT CONSTANT PRESSURE, the volume of a given mass of a gas increases or decreases by 1 / 273 of its volume at 0° C for each one degree rise or fall in temperature.
V1 / T1 = V2 / T2.
❇ GAY LUSSAC'S LAW ( PRESSURE - TEMPERATURE RELATIONSHIP) :
It states that AT CONSTANT VOLUME, pressure of a fixed amount of gas varies directly with temperature.
P1 / T1 = P2 / T2
❇ AVOGADRO'S LAW ( VOLUME - AMOUNT RELATIONSHIP) :
It atates that equal volume of all gases under the same conditions of temperature and pressure contain equal number of molecules.
V = k n ( k = constant, n = amount of substance)
❇ COMBINED GAS LAW OR IDEAL GAS EQUATION :
By combining Boyle's and Charle's law, we get an equation which gives the simultaneous effect of the changes of pressure and temperature on the volume of the gas. This is known as " COMBINED GAS LAW OR GAS EQUATION".
p V = n RT.
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