explain the working and application of a sonar
Answers
Sonar is a device that uses ultrasonic waves to measure the distance, direction and speed of underwater objects. Principle: It uses the phenomenon of echoes in determining the sea-depth and locating the presence of under-water objects
working of SONAR----
Sound Navigation And Ranging (SONAR)
✳Solution:SONAR is an acronym for Sound Navigation And Ranging. It is an acoustic device used to measure the depth, direction, and speed of under-water objects such as submarines and ship wrecks with the help of ultrasounds. It is also used to measure the depth of seas and oceans. A beam of ultrasonic sound is produced and transmitted by the transducer (it is a device that produces ultrasonic sound) of the SONAR, which travels through sea water. The echo produced by the reflection of this ultrasonic sound is detected and recorded by the detector, which is converted into electrical signals. The distance (d) of the under-water object is calculated from the time (t) taken by the echo to return with speed (v) is given by 2d = v × t. This method of measuring distance is also known as ‘echo-ranging’.
✳application of a sonar✳
1)Sonar uses sound waves to 'see' in the water
2).NOAA scientists primarily use sonar to develop nautical charts,
3) locate underwater hazards to navigation,
4) search for and map objects on the seafloor such as shipwrecks, and map the seafloor itself.
There are two types of sonar—active and passive.