Question

Explain the working and application of sonar

Answer 1

Solution:

Solution:SONAR is an acronym for Sound Navigation And Ranging. It is an acoustic device used to measure the depth, direction, and speed of under-water objects such as submarines and ship wrecks with the help of ultrasounds. It is also used to measure the depth of seas and oceans.

Answer 2

$\huge \bigstar{\underline{\green{\mathfrak Answer:}}}$

The word 'SONAR’ stands for $\bold {'Sound \:Navigation \:and \:Ranging'.}$ It is a device which Is used in the ships to locate rocks, icebergs, submarines, old ships sank in sea etc. It is also used to measure the depth of a sea. It is based on the principle of the reflection of sound wave.

A beam of ultrasonic waves from the transmitter of SONAR fitted on the ship is sent towards the bottom of the sea at regular intervals. When these beams are intercepted by an object, they are reflected back from the bottom of the sea. The reflected beam is received by the receiver or detector of the SONAR on the ship. The shape and position of objects under sea and ocean is detected on the basis of speed and nature of reflected ultrasound waves. The time taken by the ultrasonic waves to go from the ship to the bottom of the sea and then back to the ship is noted.

Let it be $'t'$ second. Therefore, the time taken by the ultrasonic waves to go from the ship to the bottom of the sea is $\left(\dfrac{t}{2}\right)$ second.

Using the following formula,

$s = \left(\dfrac{t} {2}\right)v$

we can find the depth of the sea.

Where $v$ is the speed ultrasonic wave in water and s is the depth of the sea. The method of finding the distance of object using echo is called echo-ranging. While, the method of finding the depth of the sea using echo is called echo-depth ranging. In this case, SONAR is called fathometer.