Question

explain the working of electric motor ​

Answer 1

Answer:

Working:-

When the current begins to flow, current flows through brush X, then A to B, B to C, C to D and then to brush Y and into the battery.

Now applying Fleming's Left Hand Rule to wire AB, Current is along AB, Magnetic Field is as shown (North-> South), the motion of the wire is downwards.

Now applying Fleming's Left Hand Rule to wire CD, Current is along CD, Magnetic Field is as shown (North-> South), the motion of the wire is upwards.

The rectangular coil begins to move in the anti-clockwise direction

Note that during anti-clockwise motion, the split rings and axle also move, whereas the brushes don't move.

After half a rotation, Wire CD and Split ring Q moves to the left. Wire AB and Split ring P moves to right. Brushes X and Y donot move.

Now applying Fleming's Left Hand Rule to wire CD, Current is along DC. (Battery -> Split ring Q -> DC , Magnetic Field is as shown (North-> South), the motion of the wire is downwards.

Now applying Fleming's Left Hand Rule to wire AB, Current is along BA. (Battery -> Split ring Q -> DC --> CB -> BA --> Split ring P) , Magnetic Field (North-> South), the motion of the wire is upwards.

So, again the coil rotates in the anti-clockwise direction.

The reversal of current in the coil results in the continous rotation of the coil. The reversal of current is achieved by the commutator rings.

Explanation:

Electric motor is a device that converts electrical energy to mechanical energy.

Parts of a Electric Motor:-

Insulated Copper wire: A rectangular coil of wire ABCD

Magnet Poles: A magnet as placed above ie North Pole and South Pole. This creates a magnetic field as shown above.

Split Rings: Two disjoint C-shaped rings P and Q. It acts as a commutator (which can reverse the direction of current)

Axle: The split rings are placed on the axle which can rotate freely.

Brushes: The outside of the split rings are connected to conducting brushes X and Y.

Source Battery: To source current.

Applications:-

•Electric Fans

•Refrigerators

•Mixers

•Washing machines

Answer 2

An electric motor is an electrical machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy. Most electric motors operate through the interaction between the motor's magnetic field and electric current in a wire winding to generate force in the form of torque applied on the motor's shaft.