Question

explain twinkling of star. Why does a planet not twinkle?

Answer 1

Stars twinkle because of turbulence in the atmosphere of the Earth. As the atmosphere churns, the light from the star is refracted in different directions. This causes the star's image to change slightly in brightness and position, hence "twinkle."...

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Answer 2

The twinkling of the star is due to the atmospheric refraction of starlight. The starlight on entering the earth atmosphere undergoes continues refraction before reaching the Earth's surface. Since the atmosphere bends the starlight towards the normal, the apparent position of the starlight appears to be slightly higher than it's actual position when viewed from the horizon. As the path of the rays of the light coming from the star varies, the amount of the light entering our eyes flickers, it sometimes appears brighter and at some other times fainter. This is the twinkling of the light.

The planets are much closer to the earth and are thus seen as an extended sources. If we consider a planet as a collection of a large number of point sized sources of light then the amount of the light entering our eyes from each individual point sized sources will be average out to zero. Thus the planets Don't twinkle.
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