Question

explain valency by taking the example of silicon and oxygen

Answer 1

valency is the no. of electrons present in the outermost shell of an isolated gaseous atom.
si - 2,8,4 .....valency = 4
O - 2,6 ......valency = 2

Answer 2

Answer:

The valency of an atom is the number of hydrogen atom which combines with one of element.

For example,

Silicon (atomic number 14) has has electronic distribution :

K = 2, L = 8, M = 4

In the outermost shell, there are 4 electrons hence one atom of Silicon will combine with 4 atoms of hydrogen. So, The valency of Silicon is 4.

In case of oxygen (atomic number 8), the electronic distribution in various shell :

K = 2, L = 6

There are six valence electrons in the atom of oxygen. So, one atom of oxygen will combine with two atoms of hydrogen to make noble gas configuration.

Hence, the valency of oxygen is 2.