Question

Explain various theories of biological classifications.

Answer 1

Biological classification is the arrangement of organisms into categories that express their PHYLOGENY,or line of descent, based on information such as structure, development, biochemical or physiological functions, and evolutionary history of organisms.

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Answer 2

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Total number of animal species are 1.25 millions. A lot of variations occur in their structure and function. They exhibit great diversity in structure, habitat, habits and modes of life

So understand the interactions among highly diversified animal group a Systematic classification is needed which is biological classification

Father of taxonomy, founder of modern systematics was Carolous Linnaeus. He has introduced the system if hierarchical classification

Numerical taxonomy and phylogentic classification both of which are natural systems of classification emerged during 19 th and 20th centuries

Phylogentic classification is also called cladistic classification. It is an evolutionary classification and it explains how the common ancestry was scared by different animal groups

This classification emphasize on genetic distance between all species of phylogentic tree. This tree like diagrams for phylogeny was introduced by the Earnst Hackel

Cladistic classification considers the occur once of analogous classification by convergent evolution. Different organisms live in the same environment share these characteristics. Genetically they are distantly related ex:wings of sparrow and petagia of flying squirrels

It is also considered as homologous characters are functionally different from the structural plan and development. It is also called as divergent evolution

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