Question

explain what is cell organelles

Answer 1

cell organelles are the living, membrane bound bodies that have a definite function

Answer 2

              Cell Organelles

Organelles are specialized, minute, subcellular structures having a special function. Some common examples of cell organelles are mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, lysosomes, golgi body, nucleus, e.t.c,

Following are the few lines about some organelles :-

1. Mitochondria

• Altman (1890) found them to be granular and called bioblast.

• C Benda (1897) coined the term mitochondria first time.

• It play significant role in respiration.

• It has two membrane. Inner membrane is deeply folded while outer membrane is porous.

• It has own DNA and Ribosomes.

• It is known as power house of cell.

2. Endoplasmic Reticulum

• It is named by porter in 1953.

• It is of two types

                   (a) Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum :- Without ribosomes

                        and not take part in protein synthesis.

                    (b) Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum :- With ribosomes and

                         take part in protein synthesis.

• It also provide space for storage of synthetic product like glycogen.

3. Lysosomes

• Commonly called suicidal bag.

• Single membrane, spherical, tiny sacs like body.

• Discovered by Christian de Devu in 1955 and got Nobel prize in 1974.

• It helps in digestion of material taken in by endocytosis.

4. Ribosomes

• It is discovered Plade and it is also called Palade Particles.

• It is of two types 80s and 70s.

• 70s ribosomes are found in prokaryotic cell, mitochondria and chloroplast of eukaryotic cell.

• 80s ribosomes present in cytoplasm of eukaryotic cell.

5. Golgi Body

• It is also called the Golgi Complex, Golgi Apparatus and Dictyosomes.

• Discovered by Camillo Golgi  in 1898 and got Nobel prize.

• Mainly present in eukaryotic cell (except mammalian RBCs) abundantly  found in secretory cells.

6. Nucleus

• Every eukaryotic cell consists of at least one, almost spherical, dense, highly specialized structure called as nucleus.

• It was discover by Robert Brown in 1831.

• It contain nuclear sap or nucleoplams, nuclear envelope, chromatin and nucleolus.

• Chemically nucleus consists of 80%  protein, 20% DNA, 5% RNA and 3% lipids.

• It contain genetic information for reproduction, development, metabolism as well as behaviour of organism.