Question

explain with example atomic number and mass number and isotopes and isobars give any two uses of isotopes​

Answer 1

Answers

___________________

a) Atomic number -

the number of proton in one atom of an element is known as atomic number of that element .

For example - one atom of sodium element has 11 protons in it so the atomic number of sodium is 11 similarly one atom of carbon element has 6 Proton in it so that atomic number of carbon is 6 .

___________________

b) Mass number -

the total number of protons and neutrons present in one atom of an element is known as its mass number .

For example - one atom of sodium element contains 11 proton and 12 neutron so the mass number of sodium is 11+12 = 23 .

___________________

c) Isotopes -

isotopes are atoms are of the same element having the same atomic number but different mass number . The isotopes of an element have the same atomic number because they contain the same number of proton and electron . The isotopes of an element have different mass number because they contain different number of neutrons .

For example - all the chlorine atom contains 17 Proton so that tomic number of all chlorine atom is 17 now some chlorine atoms have 18 neutron where as other chlorine atom contains 20 neutrons . chlorine atom can therefore have mass number of 17+18 = 35 or 17+20=37 . Thus , chlorine has two isotopes of mass number 35 and 37 respectively .

____________________

d) Isobars -

isobar are the atom of different element having different atomic numbers but the same mass numbers . isobar have different number of proton in their nuclei but the total number of nucleons in them are same .

For example - argon 18 ^40 AR , and calcium 20^40Ca . this is because organ and Calcium atom of different element having different atomic number of 18 and 20 respectively but they have the same mass number of 40 .

Uses of Isotopes

• radioactive isotopes are used as a fuel in nuclear reactor of nuclear power plant for generating electricity .
• radioactive isotopes are used in the treatment of the cancer .

_____________________