Explain with examples 1 atomic number 2 mass number and 3 isotopes and 4 isobars. Give any two uses of isotopes
Answers
1.the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom, which is characteristic of a chemical element and determines its place in the periodic table.
example, krypton's atomic number is 36. This tells us that an atom of krypton has 36 protons in its nucleus.
2.The total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom. For example, nitrogen has 7 protons and 7 neutrons in its nucleus, giving it a mass number of 14.
3.Elements are defined by the number of protons in the atomic nucleus. For example, an atom with 6 protons must be carbon, and an atom with 92 protons must be uranium. In addition to protons, the atoms of nearly every element also contain neutrons.
4.Isobars are atoms of different chemical elements that have the same number of nucleons. Correspondingly, isobars differ in atomic number (or a number of protons) but have the same mass number. An example of a series of isobars would be 40S,40Cl, 40Ar, 40K, and 40Ca.
Radioactive isotopes have many useful applications. In medicine, for example, cobalt-60 is extensively employed as a radiation source to arrest the development of cancer. Other radioactive isotopes are used as tracers for diagnostic purposes as well as in research on metabolic processes.