Question

explain working of electric motor ​

Answer 1

electric motor work on the electromagnetic induction ...

Answer 2

$\huge\bold{Answer}$

$\boxed{\textbf{Electric Motor}}$

It is a rotating device that converts $\bold{Electric\: energy}$ into $\bold{Mechanical\: Energy.}$

$\boxed{\textbf{Principle}}$

It is based on the principle that when a rectangular coil is placed in a magnetic field and current is passed through it, two equal and opposite forces act on the coil which rotates it continuously.

$\boxed{\textbf{Working}}$

● Let coil ABCD be in horizontal position.

When the key is closed, current flows back to the battery through brush X and flows to the battery through The brush Y via ring R2

● No force acts on arms BC and AD as they are parallel to magnetic field. Arm AB experiences a force in downward direction and arm CD experiences an equal force in upward direction.

The direction of force is obtained by applying Fleming's left hand rule. This causes the coil to rotate in the anti-clockwise direction.

● When the coil rotates is in the vertical position, the brushes lose contact with the rings and current stops flowing.

But the coil does not stop due to inertia of motion.

● When the coil rotates, the rings change their positions and come in contact with opposite brushes.

This reverses the direction of current through the coil but the direction of current on right hand side of the coil remains the same.

●So, the force on right hand side is always upward and a force on left hand side is always in downward direction. Thus, the coil continues to rotate in anti-clockwise direction.

$\boxed{\textbf{Components}}$

The electric motor has the following components :

◇ An electromagnet instead of a permenant magnet.

◇ A large number of turns of conducting wire in the current carrying coil.

◇ A soft iron core.

$\boxed{\textbf{Uses}}$

Electric motor is used in electric fans, refrigerators, mixers, washing machine, computers, Mp3 players, etc.