Question

Factors governing Electron affinity.​

Answer 1

Answer:

Explanation:

Factors That Affect Electron Affinity. There are two factors that can affect electron affinity. These are atomic size and nuclear charge. ... The smaller the atom is, the closer the outermost shell is; therefore, it is a stronger attraction between the nucleus and the incoming electron.

Factors That Affect Electron Affinity

There are two factors that can affect electron affinity. These are atomic size and nuclear charge. With regard to atomic size, let's think about a magnet and a refrigerator. When a magnet is closer to the surface of the refrigerator, you can clearly feel the pull of the attraction between the magnet and the refrigerator. The farther the magnet gets away from the fridge, the less you feel the attraction or pull.

When looking at a drawing of a smaller atom side by side with a bigger atom, it can be seen that a smaller atom's outermost shell is closer to the nucleus than that of a bigger atom. Just like our magnet and refrigerator analogy, the electron will feel more attraction to the nucleus if it is closer.

Electron Affinity and Atomic Radius

The smaller the atom is, the closer the outermost shell is; therefore, it is a stronger attraction between the nucleus and the incoming electron. That means the electron affinity is higher for smaller atoms.

When looking at the periodic table the atomic radius increases from top to bottom, moving down a column; therefore, the electron affinity increases from the bottom to the top of the column.

Nuclear charge also affects electron affinity. The nuclear charge is also known as the atomic number, which is the same as the number of protons. Protons are positive subatomic particles. The more protons there are, the greater the attraction is to electrons.

Trends or patterns can be seen in the periodic table with regard to electron affinity. We are looking at this in terms of across the period, not down a group. From left to right, the nuclear charge increases, resulting in a greater attraction to incoming electrons. So, we can say that from left to right across a period, the electron affinity increases upward.

Answer 2

ANSWER

FACTORS GOVERNING ELECTRON AFFINITY

1. Size- smaller the size more electron affinity.
2. Non Metallic Character- more the non metallic character more the electron affinity.
3. No. of electron gain- less number of electron gain more the electron affinity.

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