Factors that determined federal character
Answers
Answer:
Nigeria adopted the federal character principle to counteract the nationality question that has been bedevilling the polity. After about three decades of the introduction of the principle, this paper seeks to determine whether the application of the federal character principle in solving national question possesses the potentials for achieving national integration which is the prerequisite for economic development. We adopted the Marxist theory of the post-colonial state as our framework of analysis because of its relative proficiency in analysis of post colonial political economy and argued that like other colonial states Nigeria lacks the capacity to moderate the struggles which is pronounced between or among the various ethnic groups that make up Nigeria hence the political and economic imbalances that exist among and between different groups. These imbalances exist in almost every sector of the economy hence most people feel marginalized. This paper was discussed under the following headings: application of federal character principle in state creation; application of federal principle in revenue allocation; application of federal character principle in education sector; challenges of federal character principle in Nigeria and conclusion. This paper recommended that while reasonable balance between states is necessary, at least 70% of merit should be considered for appointment, admission, sitting industries and state creation to reduce the rising mediocrity in our national life.
Answer:
The federal character principle is a notion employed in several federal systems to ensure that various ethnic, religious, and cultural groups are fairly represented in government positions and resource distribution..
Explanation:
The introduction of federal character is typically determined by a combination of several factors, including:
Ethnic and cultural diversity: Federal character is frequently established in countries with significant ethnic and cultural diversity. This is due to the perception that federal systems are a means of ensuring that minority groups are neither marginalised or excluded from government and society.
Historical injustices: The establishment of federalism may also be driven by a desire to right historical wrongs, such as the persecution of minority groups by a dominant ethnic or religious group.
Political stability: Federal character can also be added to promote political stability by ensuring that different groups have a stake in government and resource allocation.
Constitutional requirements: Several countries may have constitutional prerequisites for introducing federalism. For example, the Nigerian constitution expressly states that federal appointments and resource distribution must be based on the notion of federal character.
Political representation: The federal nature is also employed to ensure that various groups are represented in government posts and decision-making processes. This is critical for ensuring that all groups are represented and their perspectives are heard.
Balanced economic development: The introduction of federal character is frequently used to achieve balanced economic development across different areas and ethnic groupings. This is accomplished through allocating resources and opportunities in a way that considers the needs of various groups.
Social cohesion and integration: The federal character is also introduced to foster social cohesion and integration by ensuring that all groups are represented and feel included in government and society.
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