Features of sun wakings characters
Answers
Mass: 1.98892 x 1030 kg
Diameter: 1,391,000 kilometers
Radius: 695,500 km
Surface gravity of the Sun: 27.94 g
Volume of the Sun: 1.412 x 1018 km3
Density of the Sun: 1.622 x 105 kg/m3
How Big is the Sun?
The Sun is the largest object in the Solar System, accounting for 99.86% of the mass.
As stars go, the Sun is actually a medium-sized, and even smallish star. Stars with much more mass can be much larger than the Sun. For example, the red giant Betelgeuse, in the constellation of Orion is thought to be 1,000 times larger than the Sun. And the largest known star is VY Canis Majoris, measuring approximately 2,000 times larger than the Sun. If you could put VY Canis Majoris into our Solar System, it would stretch out past the orbit of Saturn.
The size of the Sun is changing. In the future when it runs out of usable hydrogen fuel in the core, it will become a red giant as well. It will engulf the orbits of Mercury and Venus, and possibly even the orbit of the Earth. For a few million years, the Sun will be about 200 times bigger than its current size.
After the Sun becomes a red giant, it will shrink down to become a white dwarf star. Then the size of the Sun will only be roughly the size of the Earth.
Mass of the Sun
The mass of the Sun is 1.98892 x 1030 kilograms. That’s a really big number, and it’s really hard to put it into context, so let’s write out the mass of the Sun, with all the zeros.
1,988,920,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 kilograms.
Still need to wrap your head around this? Let’s give you some comparisons. The mass of the Sun is 333,000 times the mass of the Earth. It’s 1,048 times the mass of Jupiter, and 3,498 times the mass of Saturn.
In fact, the Sun accounts for 99.8% of all the mass in the entire Solar System; and most of that non-Sun mass is Jupiter and Saturn. To say that the Earth is an insignificant speck is an understatement.
When astronomers try to gauge the mass of another star-like object, they use the mass of the Sun for comparison. This is known as a “solar mass”. So the mass of objects, like black holes, will be measured in solar masses. A massive star might have 5-10 solar masses. A supermassive black hole could have hundreds of millions of solar masses.
Astronomers will refer to this with an M beside a symbol that looks like a circle with a dot in the middle – M⊙. To show a star that has 5 times the mass of the Sun, or 5 solar masses, it would be 5 M⊙.
Eta Carinae, one of the most massive stars known. Image credit: NASA
The Sun is massive, but it’s not the most massive star out there. In fact, the most massive star we know of is Eta Carinae, which has a mass of 150 times the mass of the Sun.
The Sun’s mass is actually slowly decreasing over time. There are two processes at work here. The first is the fusion reactions in the core of the Sun, converting atoms of hydrogen into helium. Some of the Sun’s mass is lost through the fusion process, as atoms of hydrogen are converted into energy. The warmth we feel from the Sun, is the Sun’s lost mass. The second way is the solar wind, which is constantly blowing protons and electrons into outer space.
Mass of the Sun in kilograms: 1.98892 x 1030 kg
Mass of the Sun in pounds: 4.38481 x 1030 pounds
Mass of the Sun in tons: 2.1924 x 1027 tons
Diameter of the Sun
The diameter of the Sun is 1.391 million kilometers or 870,000 miles.
Again, let’s put this number into perspective. The diameter of the Sun is 109 times the diameter of the Earth. It’s 9.7 times the diameter of Jupiter. Really, really big.
Pardon the pun, but the Sun doesn’t hold a candle to some of the largest stars in the Universe. The biggest star we know of is called VY Canis Majoris, and astronomers think it could be 2,100 times the diameter of the Sun.
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