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(i) Living organism depend on their surrounding for living. They depend on each other for food and survival. This relation between all organisms forms the ecosystem. In an ecosystem, all organisms depend on each other for survival.
(ii) Natural environment is an environment which has natural objects like mountains, oceans, air, plants, etc. A natural environment consists of both biotic and abiotic substances.
(iii) The major components of the environment are listed below.
- Natural environment ⇒ This consists of natural substances
- Human environment ⇒ This consists of humans.
- Man-made environment ⇒ This consists of things that are created and invented by humans for making l their lives easy.
(iv) Some examples of human-made environment are listed below.
- Industries
- Temples, Church, Mosque
- Parks
- Towers and Buildings
(v) The hard or solid layer of the Earth is known as the lithosphere. It is made of many rocks and is covered by a thin layer of soil or sand. It has an irregular shape i.e. they don't have a proper shape. This layer consists of mountains, valley, plains, etc.
(vi) The two major components of the biotic environment are plants and animals.
(vii) The small zone of Earth which consists of an interaction of between land, water and air to help each others life is known as the Biosphere. Plants and animals live in the biosphere.