Find out about blood groups and their importance. Details required- a.Different types of blood groups. b.Basis for the grouping of blood. c.What is blood transfusion? d..During blood transfusion time we should know the blood group of both the donor and recipient. What is the reason?
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Answer:
Our bodies contain trillions of red blood cells. Each is covered in an array of proteins and sugars, inherited from our parents, which determine our blood group. We can all be classified into group A, B, AB or O, based on which sugars coat our red blood cells.
We’re also classified as positive or negative, based on whether our blood cells carry a protein called the Rhesus D (RhD) antigen. These two blood group systems (ABO and Rh) give us the eight main blood types: O-, O+, B-, B+, A-, A+, AB-, AB+.
Our body have 6-8 litres of blood.
Transfusion has been practised intermittently since the 1660s. But blood groups weren’t discovered until 1900, before which it was assumed that all blood was of the same type.
So if a person is group A, this means she can receive a red cell transfusion from either a group A or a group O donor. She should not receive group B or AB red cells, as she has naturally occurring antibodies (proteins formed as part of the immune response) that will likely cause a transfusion reaction, which may be serious – even fatal.
Around 31% of Australians are A+. It’s the second most common blood group after O+, which make up 40% of the Australian population.
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