Find out the concentration of a solution containing 30 gram of Potassium carbonate in 120 grams of water.
Answers
After studying this Unit, you will be
able to
• describe the formation of different
types of solutions;
• express concentration of solution
in different units;
• state and explain Henry’s law and
Raoult’s law;
• distinguish between ideal and
non-ideal solutions;
• explain deviations of real solutions
from Raoult’s law;
• describe colligative properties of
solutions and correlate these with
molar masses of the solutes;
• explain abnormal colligative
properties exhibited by some
solutes in solutions.
In normal life we rarely come across pure substances.
Most of these are mixtures containing two or more pure
substances. Their utility or importance in life depends
on their composition. For example, the properties of
brass (mixture of copper and zinc) are quite different
from those of German silver (mixture of copper, zinc
and nickel) or bronze (mixture of copper and tin);
1 part per million (ppm) of fluoride ions in water
prevents tooth decay, while 1.5 ppm causes the tooth
to become mottled and high concentrations of fluoride
ions can be poisonous (for example, sodium fluoride is
used in rat poison); intravenous injections are always
dissolved in water containing salts at particular ionic
concentrations that match with blood plasma
concentrations and so on.
In this Unit, we will consider mostly liquid
solutions and their formation. This will be followed by
studying the properties of the solutions, like vapour
pressure and colligative properties. We will begin with
types of solutions and then various alternatives in
which concentrations of a solute can be expressed in
liquid solution.
SolutionsSolutions Solutions
Almost all processes in body occur in some kind of liquid solutions.
Objectives
2.1 Types of Types ofTypes of
Solutions SolutionsSolutions
2
Unit
2
Solutions are homogeneous mixtures of two or more than two
components. By homogenous mixture we mean that its composition
and properties are uniform throughout the mixture. Generally, the
component that is present in the largest quantity is known as solvent.
Solvent determines the physical state in which solution exists. One or
more components present in the solution other than solvent are called
solutes. In this Unit we shall consider only binary solutions (i.e.,
2015-16(20/01/2015)
Answer:
After studying this Unit, you will be
able to
• describe the formation of different
types of solutions;
• express concentration of solution
in different units;
• state and explain Henry’s law and
Raoult’s law;
• distinguish between ideal and
non-ideal solutions;
• explain deviations of real solutions
from Raoult’s law;
• describe colligative properties of
solutions and correlate these with
molar masses of the solutes;
• explain abnormal colligative
properties exhibited by some
solutes in solutions.
In normal life we rarely come across pure substances.
Most of these are mixtures containing two or more pure
substances. Their utility or importance in life depends
on their composition. For example, the properties of
brass (mixture of copper and zinc) are quite different
from those of German silver (mixture of copper, zinc
and nickel) or bronze (mixture of copper and tin);
1 part per million (ppm) of fluoride ions in water
prevents tooth decay, while 1.5 ppm causes the tooth
to become mottled and high concentrations of fluoride
ions can be poisonous (for example, sodium fluoride is
used in rat poison); intravenous injections are always
dissolved in water containing salts at particular ionic
concentrations that match with blood plasma
concentrations and so on.
In this Unit, we will consider mostly liquid
solutions and their formation. This will be followed by
studying the properties of the solutions, like vapour
pressure and colligative properties. We will begin with
types of solutions and then various alternatives in
which concentrations of a solute can be expressed in
liquid solution.
SolutionsSolutions Solutions
Almost all processes in body occur in some kind of liquid solutions.
Objectives
2.1 Types of Types ofTypes of
Solutions SolutionsSolutions
2
Unit
2
Solutions are homogeneous mixtures of two or more than two
components. By homogenous mixture we mean that its composition
and properties are uniform throughout the mixture. Generally, the
component that is present in the largest quantity is known as solvent.
Solvent determines the physical state in which solution exists. One or
more components present in the solution other than solvent are called
solutes. In this Unit we shall consider only binary solutions (i.e.,
2015-16(20/01/2015)