Flora and fauna short notes
Answers
Answer:
The term ‘flora’ is defined as all the naturally occurring native plants of a particular region. Flora indicates all forms of plant life, more generally used to represent the plant life of a particular place.
Sometimes, the term ‘microflora’ or ‘gut flora’ is used to represent the naturally occurring microorganisms, mainly, bacteria and fungi, in various organisms.
The word, ‘flora’ is taken from the Latin name of the Goddess of plants in the Roman mythology who was named ‘Flora’.
Different plants are classified into various floras on the basis of their region, also known as floristic regions, climate, environmental conditions, and period.
The floristic region might be habitats like mountains and valleys, whereas the period might be either historic like fossil flora or present. They are further subdivided according to their particular environments.
Some of the commonly used flora include; native flora, agricultural and horticultural flora, and weed flora.
The native flora is native or indigenous to a particular area. This means that the plants occur naturally in these areas.
Agricultural or horticultural flora, also known as garden flora, includes the plants that are grown by humans.
Weed flora is a group of plants that are unnecessary and undesirable. However, some plants kept in the weed flora traditionally might be beneficial to other ecosystems.
Besides, the term Flora is also used for the documentation of plants of a particular are or a time period. These were traditionally published in the form of books, but nowadays, they are available on websites.
Fauna Definition:
Fauna is all the animal life present in a particular place or at a particular time period. Fauna indicates all forms of animal life, more generally used to represent the animal life native to a particular place.
The word ‘fauna’ has been taken from various names like ‘Fauna, the Goddess of earth and fertility’, the Roman God, ‘Faunus’ of the Roman mythology, and the related forest spirits ‘Fauns’.
Fauna, like flora, is classified on the basis of their region, characteristics, climate, environmental conditions, and period.
Out of this, the most common division is based on the region. Some of the flora based on region include; cryofauna, cryptofauna, infauna, epifauna, macrofauna, megafauna, meiofauna, and microfauna.
Cryofauna indicates animals that live in and around cold areas.
Cryptofauna includes animals that live in concealed or protected habitats.
Epifauna is the group of animals that live at the bottom of the sediments present on the ocean floor.
Infauna, in contrast, indicates the bottom-most oceanic animals that live underneath those sediments or deposits.
Macrofauna is soil animals that live on 0.5 to 0.3 mm sieve.
Megafauna is large animals that live on the surface of a particular region or at a particular time.
Meiofauna includes invertebrates that are larger than microfauna but smaller than megafauna.
The microscopic animals or invertebrates are included in microfauna.
Other faunas like avifauna have birds, and piscifauna includes fishes.
Explanation:
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Answer:
Fauna is sometimes referred to as Fauns, meaning forest spirits. By definition, fauna is a group of indigenous animals of any geographical region. So, the term flora and fauna was coined by biologists to refer to a collection of plant and animal specifies in a given geographic location.
Explanation:
Some examples of flora include- grasslands, forests, flowering and non-flowering plants and trees.
Few examples of fauna include- birds, animals, fish, insects, etc.