food security management on the basis soil security,water security,energy security,political security,economic security,climate security
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Explanation:
Under the IPCC emissions scenarios, higher temperatures are projected to affect all aspects of the
hydrological cycle. More frequent and severe droughts and floods are already apparent, and their
impact increases as a growing population becomes more dependent upon a set of atmospheric and
hydrological circulations.
Climate change will impact the extent and productivity of both irrigated and rainfed agriculture
across the glare expected in the Mediterranean
basin and in the semi-arid areas of the Americas, Australia and southern Africa, affecting water
availability in regions that are already water-stressed. In Asia, the large contiguous areas of irrigated
land that rely on snowmelt and high mountain glaciers for water will be affected by changes in
runoff patterns, while highly populated deltas are at risk from a combination of reduced inflows,
increased salinity and rising sea levels. Everywhere, rising temperatures will translate into increased
crop water demand.
Both the livelihoods of rural communities and the food security of a predominantly urban
population are therefore at risk from water-related impacts linked primarily to climate variability.
The rural poor, who are the most vulnerable, are likely to be disproportionately affected.
Various adaptation measures that deal with climate variability and build upon improved land and
water management practices have the potential to create resilience to climate change and to enhance
water security. They imply a good understanding of the impact of climate change on available water
resources and on agricultural systems, and a set of policy choices, and investments and managerial
changes to address them.
This report summarizes current knowledge of the anticipated impacts of climate change on water
availability for agriculture. The implications for local and national food security are examined;
and the methods and approaches to assess climate change impacts on water and agriculture are
discussed. The report emphasizes the need for a closer alignment between water and agricultural
policies and makes the case for immediate implementation of ‘no-regrets’ strategies which have
both positive development outcomes and make agricultural systems resilient to future impacts.
It is hoped that policy makers and planners will find in this report the elements of information and
guidance that are needed to assess and respond to the challenge that climate change is expected to
impose on agricultural water management and food security.
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