format of nespaper report plz emergency
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Great question.
The simple answer is: news first, background second. News reports tend to follow an inverted pyramid structure, presenting facts in descending order of importance to the reader. There’s no introduction or build up.
Just the first sentence should tell the reader something they didn’t know and make complete sense in isolation. In fact, it should be possible to cut each section of the report from the bottom up without losing clarity.
I’ll give you more detail in a moment. But first, a quick word about news, as it’s the key to a successful story.
You must lead on the most newsworthy aspect of what it is that you’re reporting. And it must be something that you’re readers didn’t know already. (Otherwise it’s not news, it’s ‘olds’.) Think about that before you write a word, as it’s easy to miss what’s most newsworthy. This is a common trap if you’re very close to what you’re reporting.
An old colleague told me a few years back of how, when he was the editor of a local newspaper, he’d sent out a cub reporter to cover a local town council meeting. (This is standard practice, as local politics can be a good source of stories for such publications.) He’d been surprised to see the reporter back in the office just over an hour later.
‘How come you’re back already?’ the editor had asked. (Such meetings normally went on for hours.)
‘Oh, there was no debate,’ explained the reporter. ‘They had to abandon the meeting before it had really got going, as the mayor had a heart attack.’
As his example shows, the real news really can be right under your nose and you still miss it.
Anyway, back to that more detailed structure. There’s a simple acronym you can use for most news reports. Just remember ‘WHAT’.
It stands for:
What happened
How it happened
Amplify
Tie up the loose ends.
I was taught this formula by the veteran British journalist Keith Elliott way back at the start of my writing career. But it’s as relevant now as it ever was, as you’ll see if you pick up any newspaper.
What happened?
This bit is the news – the real news. (See above.) For example, in the above anecdote:
A meeting of Ennyville Town Council was thrown into chaos this morning when the mayor collapsed from what’s believed to have been a heart attack.
This section is usually just a few sentences. (It could even be one sentence if it’s going in a ‘news in brief’ section.)
How it happened
If you’ve done your job correctly, you’ll have grabbed readers’ attention and they’ll now want more information. So give it to them:
Mayor George Carter keeled over after standing to address the latest meeting of the Planning Committee at 11 am.
Amplify
From here, you build the story with more and more detail. This is also a good place to include quotes, such as from witnesses or experts. One common technique is to make a statement, then back it up with a quote:
The meeting immediately fell into disarray, as councillors scrabbled to help the mayor.
‘It was chaos,’ said local resident Claire Simpkins, who was at the meeting to hear a debate on her application for planning permission. ‘The public gallery was full. Some of us had only just taken our seats. One minute the committee chairman was reading out the agenda. Then all Hell broke loose.’
The mayor was helped by Councillor Jane Chang, who is also a local family doctor.
This is often the longest part of the story, as in our example.
Tie up the loose ends
Finally, if space allows, you can add any other pertinent facts you happen to know:
Paramedics arrived within 15 minutes. Mayor Carter was rushed to Saint Elijah’s hospital. An official statement from the hospital this afternoon described his condition as ‘stable’.
One final note: avoid injecting your personal opinion. Including context is fine, and it’s up to you to choose the angle. But a news report should report the news. It’s not an editorial.
The simple answer is: news first, background second. News reports tend to follow an inverted pyramid structure, presenting facts in descending order of importance to the reader. There’s no introduction or build up.
Just the first sentence should tell the reader something they didn’t know and make complete sense in isolation. In fact, it should be possible to cut each section of the report from the bottom up without losing clarity.
I’ll give you more detail in a moment. But first, a quick word about news, as it’s the key to a successful story.
You must lead on the most newsworthy aspect of what it is that you’re reporting. And it must be something that you’re readers didn’t know already. (Otherwise it’s not news, it’s ‘olds’.) Think about that before you write a word, as it’s easy to miss what’s most newsworthy. This is a common trap if you’re very close to what you’re reporting.
An old colleague told me a few years back of how, when he was the editor of a local newspaper, he’d sent out a cub reporter to cover a local town council meeting. (This is standard practice, as local politics can be a good source of stories for such publications.) He’d been surprised to see the reporter back in the office just over an hour later.
‘How come you’re back already?’ the editor had asked. (Such meetings normally went on for hours.)
‘Oh, there was no debate,’ explained the reporter. ‘They had to abandon the meeting before it had really got going, as the mayor had a heart attack.’
As his example shows, the real news really can be right under your nose and you still miss it.
Anyway, back to that more detailed structure. There’s a simple acronym you can use for most news reports. Just remember ‘WHAT’.
It stands for:
What happened
How it happened
Amplify
Tie up the loose ends.
I was taught this formula by the veteran British journalist Keith Elliott way back at the start of my writing career. But it’s as relevant now as it ever was, as you’ll see if you pick up any newspaper.
What happened?
This bit is the news – the real news. (See above.) For example, in the above anecdote:
A meeting of Ennyville Town Council was thrown into chaos this morning when the mayor collapsed from what’s believed to have been a heart attack.
This section is usually just a few sentences. (It could even be one sentence if it’s going in a ‘news in brief’ section.)
How it happened
If you’ve done your job correctly, you’ll have grabbed readers’ attention and they’ll now want more information. So give it to them:
Mayor George Carter keeled over after standing to address the latest meeting of the Planning Committee at 11 am.
Amplify
From here, you build the story with more and more detail. This is also a good place to include quotes, such as from witnesses or experts. One common technique is to make a statement, then back it up with a quote:
The meeting immediately fell into disarray, as councillors scrabbled to help the mayor.
‘It was chaos,’ said local resident Claire Simpkins, who was at the meeting to hear a debate on her application for planning permission. ‘The public gallery was full. Some of us had only just taken our seats. One minute the committee chairman was reading out the agenda. Then all Hell broke loose.’
The mayor was helped by Councillor Jane Chang, who is also a local family doctor.
This is often the longest part of the story, as in our example.
Tie up the loose ends
Finally, if space allows, you can add any other pertinent facts you happen to know:
Paramedics arrived within 15 minutes. Mayor Carter was rushed to Saint Elijah’s hospital. An official statement from the hospital this afternoon described his condition as ‘stable’.
One final note: avoid injecting your personal opinion. Including context is fine, and it’s up to you to choose the angle. But a news report should report the news. It’s not an editorial.
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