Question

formation of sodium hydroxide(NAOH) (caustic soda).

step by step with chemical equation and diagram...
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Answer 1

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♠ when we electrolysis the brine to obtain sodium hydroxide,chlorine and hydrogen this process is also known as chlore alkali process.

↪2NACL+2H2O----------2NAOH+Cl2+H2.


chlorine gas is produced at the anode (positive electrode) and hydrogen gas is produced at the cathode (negative electrode) and sodium hydroxide remain at the bottom.

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Answer 2

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✱Sodium hydroxide can be prepared by an easier method called the Castner Kellner process.

✵In this method, the brine solution is formed in order to obtain sodium hydroxide (NaOH).

✵First, there is a steel tank which is rectangular in shape and is called the castner kellner cell. In it, titanium is made the anode and mercury is made the cathode.

✵Then the process of ionization occurs according to the following reaction:

2NaCl ➡ 2Nacl± + 2Cl

✵In the process, when brine solution meets the electric current, the process of ionization occurs which leads to the movement of positive and negative ions towards electrodes.

✵Sodium ion gets deposited mercury (cathode) and sodium amalgam is formed. Chlorine ions move upwards and leave from the top of the cell.

✵Then the sodium amalgam is transferred into the denuder chamber and there it is treated with water to obtain sodium hydroxide solution.

✵By evaporation of the solution, the solid sodium hydroxide is obtained. We can also obtain caustic soda by this method.

✱ Also refer to the attachment so that you can understand better.
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