formula of simple compounds
Answers
Explanation:
A chemical formula is an expression that shows the elements in a compound and the relative proportions of those elements. Water is composed of hydrogen and oxygen in a 2:1 ratio. The chemical formula for water is H2O.
Answer:
Think about what you call your friends. Some of your friends might have full names (long names) and a nickname (short name). These are the words we use to tell others who or what we are referring to. Their full name is like the substances name and their nickname is like the substances formulae. Without these names your friends would have no idea which of them you are referring to. Chemical substances have names, just like people have names. This helps scientists to communicate efficiently.
It is easy to describe elements and mixtures. We simply use the names that we find on the periodic table for elements and we use words to describe mixtures. But how are compounds named? In the example of iron sulfide that was used earlier, the compound name is a combination of the names of the elements but slightly changed.
The following are some guidelines for naming compounds:
1. The compound name will always include the names of the elements that are part of it.
A compound of iron (FeFe) and sulfur (SS) is ironsulfide (FeSFeS)
A compound of potassium (KK) and bromine (BrBr) is potassiumbromide (KBrKBr)
A compound of sodium (NaNa) and chlorine (ClCl) is sodiumchloride (NaClNaCl)
2. In a compound, the element that is on the left of the Periodic Table, is used first when naming the compound. In the example of NaClNaCl, sodium is a group 1 element on the left hand side of the table, while chlorine is in group 17 on the right of the table. Sodium therefore comes first in the compound name. The same is true for FeSFeS and KBrKBr.
3. The symbols of the elements can be used to represent compounds e.g. FeSFeS, NaClNaCl, KBrKBr and H2OH2O. These are called chemical formulae. In the first three examples, the ratio of the elements in each compound is 1:1. So, for FeSFeS, there is one atom of iron for every atom of sulfur in the compound. In the last example (H2OH2O) there are two atoms of hydrogen for every atom of oxygen in the compound.
4. A compound may contain ions (an ion is an atom that has lost or gained electrons). These ions can either be simple (consist of only one element) or compound (consist of several elements). Some of the more common ions and their formulae are given in Table 2.3 and in Table 2.4. You should know all these ions.
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