Question

From the late eighteenth century, the Company also sought to curb and eventually destroy the Maratha power. Justify the given statement.

Answer 1

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• After the Battle of Buxar, the Company appointed Resident Officers in Indian states. They were political or commercial agents, and their job was to serve and further the interests of the Company.
• Soon, the Company began forcing the Indian states into joining a subsidiary alliance (a partnership between a ruling country and a country that is being ruled). According to the terms of this agreement, Indian rulers were not allowed to have their independent armed forces, but were to be protected by the Company.
• The local rulers also had to pay for the subsidiary forces that the Company promised to maintain for the purpose of their "protection".
• And if the Indian rulers failed to make the payment, then part of their territory was taken away. The kingdoms of Awadh and Hyderabad, for example, were forced to cede territories on this ground.

Answer 2

Answer:

The Third Anglo-Maratha War (1817–1818) was the final and decisive conflict between the British East India Company (EIC) and the Maratha Empire in India. The war left the Company in control of most of India. It began with an invasion of the Maratha territory by British East India Company troops, and although the British were outnumbered, the Maratha army was decimated. The troops were led by the Governor General Hastings (no relation to Warren Hastings, the first governor-general of Bengal) supported by a force under General Thomas Hislop. Operations began against the Pindaris, a band of Muslim mercenaries and Marathas from central India.

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