From Trade to Territory Social Science, Grade 8
Question 1) In what ways the administration of the Company is different from that of the Indian Rulers?
Question 2) Describe the changes that occurred in the composition of the Company's army.
Answers
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1. The administration of the Company was different from that of the Indian rulers in the following ways:
i. The Company divided its administrative units called Presidencies. There were three Presidencies – Bengal, Madras and Bombay. In India, districts were the main administrative units.
ii. Each presidency was ruled by a Governor. Districts were ruled by the Collectors.
iii.The supreme head of the administration of the Company was the Governor-General. But in India, the head of the administration was the king.
iv.The main job of the Governor-General was to introduce administrative reforms while the main job of the Collector was to collect revenue and taxes- and maintain law and order in his district.
2.Several changes occurred in the composition of the Company’s army:
i.The Company began recruitment for its own army, which came to be known as the sepoyarmy.
ii.As the warfare technology changed from the 1820s, the cavalry recruitments of the Company’s army declined.
iii.The soldiers of the Company’s army had to keep pace with changing military requirements and its infantry regiments now became more important.
iv.In the early 19th century the Birtish began to develop a uniform military culture. Soldiers were increasingly subjected to European style training, drill and discipline that regulated Their life for more than before.
Hope this helps you
Ans q1-The administration of the company was different from that way of Indian rulers in the following ways:-
•Indian rulers divided its administrative units into districts,paganas and tehsils.The company divided its administrative units into Presedencies-Madras Bengal and Bombay.
•Each Presidency was ruled by a Governor.Districts were ruled by Collectors.
•The supreme head of the administration of the company was theGovernor-General.In India the head of administration was the king.
Q-2 The changes that occured in the company is as follows:
•Before colonisation,the Mughal army was mainly composed of cavalry i.e-trained soldiers on horsebacks or sawars and the infantry or paidal(foot)soldiers.
•In the early 19th century,the British began to develop a uniform military culture. Drill and discipline were introduced which regulated their life far more than before.
•After the battles of Marathad and the Mysore rulers,the company realised the importance of strengthening the cavalry force.