Question

Give a brief note on Phenetic classification.​

Answer 1

Phenetic classification or Numberical classification is based upon the similarities and dissimilarities among organisms.

Important Information:-

1. It is based upon all the observable characters and easily carried out using computers.
2. In this classification system numbers and codes are assigned to all the characters.
3. Organisms with most of the similarities are placed in a particular group of their kind.
4. All the characters are given equal importance and so hundreds of characters can be considered.
5. So in this classification importance is not given to any particular character instead all characters are considered equally important.

Answer 2

Answer:

In biology, phenetics (Greek: phainein - to appear) /fɪˈnɛtɪks/, also known as taximetrics, is an attempt to classify organisms based on overall similarity, usually in morphology or other observable traits, regardless of their phylogeny or evolutionary relation. It is closely related to numerical taxonomy which is concerned with the use of numerical methods for taxonomic classification. Many people contributed to the development of phenetics, but the most influential were Peter Sneath and Robert R. Sokal. Their books are still primary references for this sub-discipline, although now out of print.[1]

Phenetics has largely been superseded by cladistics for research into evolutionary relationships among species. However, certain phenetic methods, such as neighbor-joining, have found their way into phylogenetics, as a reasonable approximation of phylogeny when more advanced methods (such as Bayesian inference) are too computationally expensive.

Phenetic techniques include various forms of clustering and ordination. These are sophisticated ways of reducing the variation displayed by organisms to a manageable level. In practice this means measuring dozens of variables, and then presenting them as two- or three-dimensional graphs. Much of the technical challenge in phenetics revolves around balancing the loss of information in such a reduction against the ease of interpreting the resulting graphs.

The method can be traced back to 1763 and Michel Adanson (in his Familles des plantes) because of two shared basic principles — overall similarity and equal weighting — and modern pheneticists are sometimes called neo-Adansonians.[2]

Explanation:

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