Question

Give a test to distinguish between chloroform and carbon tetrachloride.

Answer 1

CHCl3 on warming with alc.  
KOH and aniline will give foul smelling of isocyanide 
Whereas CCl4 will not give this reaction. 

CHCl3 + C6H5 – 3KOH - - C6H5 – CN(foul smell) +3KCL + 3H2O 

CCl4 gives no foul smell.

Answer 2

There are several tests that can be used to distinguish between chloroform and carbon tetrachloride. Some of the common tests are:

Bromine Test: This test is based on the reaction of chloroform and carbon tetrachloride with bromine. Chloroform reacts with bromine to form a reddish-brown complex, while carbon tetrachloride does not react with bromine.

Sodium Hydroxide Test: In this test, a small amount of the unknown compound is mixed with a sodium hydroxide solution. Chloroform reacts with sodium hydroxide to form a yellowish solution, while carbon tetrachloride does not react with sodium hydroxide.

Dichloromethane Test: This test is based on the reaction of the unknown compound with dichloromethane. Chloroform reacts with dichloromethane to form a homogeneous solution, while carbon tetrachloride does not react with dichloromethane and forms a two-layer solution.

IR Spectroscopy: Infrared spectroscopy can be used to distinguish between chloroform and carbon tetrachloride based on their characteristic absorption spectra. The IR spectra of chloroform and carbon tetrachloride are different, and the peaks can be used to identify the compound.

Note: These tests should only be performed by trained professionals in a laboratory setting and with proper safety precautions, as chloroform and carbon tetrachloride are highly toxic and flammable chemicals.

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