Question

give an account of the economic conditions under the Mauryan rulers​
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Answer 1

The Mauryas established a centralized government which contributed to the economic progress of the country. Agriculture was the principal backbone of Mauryan Economy. The cultivators were the most numerous classes. Land revenue was the principal source of state income.

Answer 2

Answer:

During the Maurya-Scythian era of Indian history there was an all-round development of agriculture, industry, and trade.

The eco­nomy of the time was built on both private enterprise and state con­trol and management.

I. Agriculture:

Agriculture was the backbone of the rural economy and the main stay of a large part of the people of the country. A village which was a collection of families numbering from 30 to 1000 had been surround­ed by a stockade, outside which lay the arable field of the village. Land was divided into small holdings which were cultivated by their owners themselves or by hired labour. There were large, very large holdings as well Landless labourers and slaves were employed for cultivation of land where the owner did not or could not cope with the work of cultivation.

Every village had its pastures which was used by all alike. Ditches for irrigation were excavated on a cooperative basis. Kautilya gives us a clear idea of the different kinds of lands that every village possessed.

II. Industry:

The Nanda-Maurya-Scythian era saw a remarkable progress in in­dustry. Our sources of information are the Mahabharata, Kautilya’s Arthasastra, Megasthenes, Periplus, and Smriti. Numerous arts and crafts and occupations are not only referred to in the literature and inscriptions but also in the sculpture of the period.

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