give an account of the mineral wealth of north America
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North America has about one sixth of the known coal reserves of the world. Of this, about 91% is within the United States. Anthracite, practically the whole world production, comes from northeastern Pennsylvania. The principal producing bituminous fields in the United States are the Appalachian Field of the Allegheny and Cumberland plateaus, stretching from northwestern Pennsylvania southward into Alabama, and the East Interior Field of Illinois, Indiana, and Kentucky. Other fields include the West Interior Field of Iowa, Missouri, Kansas, and Oklahoma; the Southwest Interior Field of Texas; and the North Interior Field of Michigan. The Great Plains, Rocky Mountain, and Pacific Fields contain, generally, coal of quality inferior to that in the East. While these fields are producing small amounts, their major significance is as reserves. Canadian coal deposits are principally in Nova Scotia and in Alberta and British Columbia. The coal of Nova Scotia is of high grade, while that in the West is inferior. Alaska's coal deposits are not well known. There are optimistic estimates of reserves, but remoteness from market and lack of adequate transportation facilities have prevented any significant development in Alaska.
The mineral deposits in North America are located in three zones: the Canadian region north of the Great Lakes, the Appalachian region and the mountain ranges of the west. Iron ore, nickel, gold, uranium and copper are mined in the Canadian Shield Region, coal in the Appalachians region. Western Cordilleras have vast deposits of copper, lead, zinc, gold and silver.
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