Question

Give an account on fve factors given by Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?


class 12th CBSE Biology sample paper

Answer 1

Some of the major factors which affect the genetic equilibrium and induce the variability in population are as follows: (A) Mutations (B) Recombinations during Sexual Reproduction (C) Genetic Drift (D) Gene Migration (Gene Flow) (E) Natural Selection.
According to Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium law, the relative frequency of alleles in the population remains constant from generation to generation in a population of sexually reproducing organisms when:

(i) The population is large enough so that accident of sampling may be ignored

(ii) Mating takes place at random;

(iii) Mutation does not take place or if it does, the rate is same in both directions

(iv) All the members of the population survive and have equal reproduction rates

Answer 2

Five factors that affect Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium or Genetic equilibrium are:

1)Gene migration or gene flow.

2)Genetic Drift.

3)Mutation.

4)Genetic Recombination.

5)Natural Selection.

.

When a selection of population migrates to another place, gene frequency change in the original as well as in new population.

New gene / alleles are added to the new populations and these are lot from old populations.

There would be a great gene flow if the gene migration, happens multiple time .

If the same change occur by chance , it is called Genetic Drift.