Question

give an illustrated account of nucleus

Answer 1

Nucleus is the main compound of a cell
like an amimal cell nuclues can be seen very easily and it is a prominent part of the animal cell but its diffent in a plant cell. It is either loacted in a side amd vaculoes are more prominent.
Nucleus contains nuclei and cromatits .

Answer 2

Hey Mate !! Here is your answer
Give an illustrated account of the role of the nucleus during protein synthesis. Include the terms hereditary material, DNA, genes, chromosomes, RNA and the nucleolus.

Extracts from this document...

Introduction

Biochemistry Assignment 5 Task 3 - Give an illustrated account of the role of the nucleus during protein synthesis. Include the terms hereditary material, DNA, genes, chromosomes, RNA and the nucleolus. Each section of DNA (deoxyribo nucleic acid) codes for different components of the body to be made, and copied. Proteins can be copied from the DNA through a process known as protein synthesis. The nucleolus is a specialised ares in the nucleus which gathers together RNA and protein which migrates to the cytoplasm to form ribosomes essential in protein synthesis. Both DNA, and proteins are made up from many components, and breaking these down and re-forming helps to make the protein. Proteins are made up of many amino acids joined in a specific order and attached by peptide bonds. The specific order of the amino acids tell the protein what it is coding for, and how to fold into the secondary and tertiary structure for it to become fully functional. 

Middle

The bases parings are different for RNA becaue there is no Thymine, but it is replaced by Uricil to pair with Adenine The central dogma, or the underlying theme of genetics can be sumarised as 'The DNA of gene codes for the production of RNA which in turn codes for the production of a polypeptide' according to Human Biology - Boyle, Indge, Senior. See picture below. 'PICTURE - CENTRAL CONCEPT pg409. Now the structure of DNA and Proteins are clear, and we have an idea about genetics, it will be far easier to explain how proteins are formed from DNA in the process that is known as 'PROTEIN SYNTHESIS'. TRANSCRIPTION DNA is contained in the nucleus of each cell, due to the size and structure of the DNA it cannot leave the nucleus, because the nuclar pores are too small. This means that it must be copied in order for it to be taken away and used to create something. 

Conclusion

The ribososme holds the mRNA in place while the tRNA (transfer RNA) binds complementary to the codons of the mRNA. A tRNA molecule is shown below, it has three bases at the bottom, and an amino acid at the top. The three bases are complementary to that of the mRNA, and binds momentarily to allow the amino acid to bond to the one next to it with a peptide bond. The ribosome travels along the mRNA and the tRNA molecules bring an amino acid to it, when the ribosome comes to the 'stop' codon on the mRNA it stops as there is no amino acid, and therefore no tRNA molecule. The sequence of amino acids is now complete, and now is a primary protein, it must fold up into its correct shape to be able to carry out its function, this is thought to happen in the golgi complex. The proteins are now transported to where they are needed, either within the cell, or outside. Insert picture pg 117 - toole and toole