Question

give any three step taken by the government of India to protect the flora and funa

Answer 1

The diversity of flora and fauna provides richness to country’s natural heritage. They are essential for the survival of human being and to maintain ecological balance.
Due to excessive exploitation of the plants and animal resources by human being some of them are on the verge of extinction and some are already extinct.
To stop the indiscriminate destruction of natural ecosystem and to protect the natural heritage, government has taken following steps
(i) 14 biosphere reserves have been set-up in the country to protect flora and fauna. Four out of these, the Sunderbans in the West Bengal, Nanda Devi in Uttarakhand, the Gulf of Mannar in Tamil Nadu, the Nilgiris (Kerala, Karnataka and Tamil Nadu) have been included in the World Network of Biosphere Reserves.
(ii) Financial and technical assistance is provided to many botanical gardens by the government since 1992.
(iii) Many other eco-developmental projects have been introduced such as Project Tiger, Project Rhino, Project Great Indian Bustard, etc.
(iv) 89 national parks, 490 wildlife sanctuaries and zoological gardens are set-up to take care of Natural heritage.


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Answer 2

We can write many as followsIn the 1960s and 1970s, conservationists demanded a national wildlife protection programme. The Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act was implemented in 1972, with various provisions for protecting habitats. An all-India list of protected species was also published. The thrust of the programme was towards protecting the remaining population of certain endangered species by banning hunting, giving legal protection to their habitats, and restricting trade in wildlife. Subsequently, central and many state governments established national parks and wildlife sanctuaries about which you have already studied. The central government also announced several projects for protecting specific animals, which were gravely threatened, including the tiger, the one- horned rhinoceros, the Kashmir stag or hangul, three types of crocodiles – fresh water crocodile, saltwater crocodile and the Gharial, the Asiatic lion, and others. Most recently, the Indian elephant, black buck (chinkara), the great Indian bustard (godawan) and the snow leopard, etc. have been given full or partial legal protection against hunting and trade throughout India.

The conservation projects are now focusing on biodiversity rather than on a few of its components. There is now a more intensive search for different conservation measures. Increasingly, even insects are beginning to find a place in conservation planning. In the notification under Wildlife Act of 1980 and 1986, several hundred butterflies, moths, beetles, and one dragonfly have been added to the list of protected species. In 1991, for the first time plants were also added to the list, starting with six species.

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