Give brief description of major soils of India
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alluvial soil
Black Soils
Laterite and Lateritic Soils
Forest and Mountain Soils
Arid and Desert Soils
Saline and Alkaline Soils
Peaty and Marshy Soils
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- Made of river deposits, consist of sand silt and clay.
- Types - Bangar and Khadar. ( Old Alluvial soil - New Alluvial soil )
- Intensively cultivated, supports dense population.
- Most widely spread and important soil which is found in the entire northern plains and also extended in Rajasthan and Gujarat.
- It is Also found in eastern coastal plains.
- Ideal for paddy , wheat and sugarcane.
- Also found in deltas.
- Made of lava flow.
- Ideal for cotton cultivation.
- High capacity to hold moisture.
- Rich in lime, potash , magnesium and calcium carbonate.
- Spread over northwest Deccan Plateau.
- Derived from Latin word "later" which means brick.
- Low humus.
- Suitable for crops like Cashew nut.
- Found in Kerala , Karnataka , Madhya pradesh , Hilly Orissa and Assam.
- Red colour due to diffusion of iron in crystalline and metamorphic rocks.
- Yellow due to hydration.
- Found in Odisha and Chattisgarh.
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