Question

Give four examples of heterogeneous catalysis.

Answer 1

1.Reduction of nitriles for instance in a synthesis of phenethylamine with Raney nickel and ammonia.

2.The cracking, isomerisation and re-forming of hydrocarbons to form appropriate and useful blends of petrol.

3.Catalytic converters are often used in automobiles. Three main reactions are catalysed by catalytic converters.

4.The oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide:

2CO(g) + O2(g) → 2CO2(g)

The reduction of nitrogen monoxide back to nitrogen:

2NO(g) + 2CO(g) → N2(g) + 2CO2(g)

The oxidation of hydrocarbons to water and carbon dioxide:

2 C6H6 + 15 O2 → 12 CO2 + 6 H2O

This process can occur with any of the hydrocarbons, but most commonly is performed with petrol or diesel.

5.Asymmetric heterogeneous catalysis affords enantiomerically enriched compounds using chiral heterogeneous catalysts.