Question

give information about fractional distillation

Answer 1

Fractional distillation is the process of taking a chemical mixture and using heat to separate out the various components in that mixture. When you think of this process, the first word that should come to mind is separation. In other words, as a chemist in the laboratory, you would use this process when you are interested in isolating one or more compounds present in a mixed sample containing as few as two and up to an endless amount of compounds.

Because heat is used in this separation technique, boiling points play a very important role in fractional distillation. Essentially, you are able to determine what given component is separated out from the mixture by its boiling point. Remember that boiling point is a physical property. Specifically, it is the temperature where a phase change occurs from liquid to vapor. Before we go over the process of fractional distillation, let's look at some examples where this process is commonly used.