Question

Give reasons. a) If we press tongue against the palate we can recognise taste easily. b) We can’t identify taste when food is very hot. c) If glucose level falls in blood we feel hungry. d) Small intestine is similar to a coiled pipe. e) Urination increases when we take lot of fluids f) The process of digestion goes on in a person whose central nervous system has been largerly affected

Answer 1

Levels of different substances are generally maintained in the blood mainly by our digestive system
Ghrelin is the hormone responsible for hunger pangs in the stomach
Leptin suppresses hunger
Interactions between the senses of taste and smell enhance our perception of the food we eat.
We prefer the food material, which is attractive to our eyes and flavor to nose, then we taste it.
Russian scientist Pavlov found that even the thought of food will water our mouth.
Taste can be identified when the tongue is pressed against the palate.
The fifth cranial nerve has been found to control the movement of muscles in the jaw.
The food taken by us has to be broken down into constituent substances for proper digestion, assimilation and energy releasing process.
The saliva secreted by three pairs of the salivary glands to moisten the food to make chewing and swallowing easier.
As a result of chewing, food forms into a slurry mass called “bolus”.
The enzyme salivary amylase, in the saliva breaks down the large starch molecules into smaller subunits called sugars.
We secrete around 1- 1.5 litres of saliva per day.
The mechanism for swallowing is coordinated by the swallowing centre in the brain.
Contraction and relaxation of the muscles present in the oesophagus bring a wave-like motion that propels the food bolus into the stomach by the action called as peristalsis.

Answer 2

"a) If we press tongue against the palate we can recognise taste easily because the food is pressed against the taste bud that allows the spices to reach the taste cells and trigger the taste signals.

b) We can’t identify taste when food is very hot because the taste buds are killed due to the hot bud.

c) If glucose level falls in blood we feel hungry because of the generation of the signals that will reach the brain due to secretion of Ghrelin hormone.

d) The small intestine is similar to a coiled pipe to increase the surface area so that the absorption is done properly.

e) Urination increases when we take a lot of fluids because of taking fluid, the kidney will throw all the waste liquid out of the body.

f) The process of digestion goes on in a person whose central nervous system has been largely affected because the mass of neural tissue of the enteric nervous system is filled neurotransmitters reveals that can’t handle digestion.

"