Question

Give reasons for the following:
a. Increased population leads to soil erosion.
b. Topsoil is the most fertile layer of the soil.

Answer 1

Answer:

1)Rapidly growing population not only increases pressure on marginal lands, over-exploitation of soils, overgrazing, over cutting of wood, soil erosion, silting, flooding but also increases excess use of pesticides, fertilizers, causing land degradation and water pollution (Khan, Inamullah & Shams, 2009).

2)Topsoil consists of most weathered mineral and organic material. Biological agents are also responsible for the breakdown of complex organic matter which releases simple nutrients. This process of mineralisation make soil fertile.

Explanation:

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Answer 2

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• Rᴀᴘɪᴅʟʏ ɢʀᴏᴡɪɴɢ ᴘᴏᴘᴜʟᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ɴᴏᴛ ᴏɴʟʏ ɪɴᴄʀᴇᴀsᴇs ᴘʀᴇssᴜʀᴇ ᴏɴ ᴍᴀʀɢɪɴᴀʟ ʟᴀɴᴅs, ᴏᴠᴇʀ-ᴇxᴘʟᴏɪᴛᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴏғ sᴏɪʟs, ᴏᴠᴇʀɢʀᴀᴢɪɴɢ, ᴏᴠᴇʀ ᴄᴜᴛᴛɪɴɢ ᴏғ ᴡᴏᴏᴅ, sᴏɪʟ ᴇʀᴏsɪᴏɴ, sɪʟᴛɪɴɢ, ғʟᴏᴏᴅɪɴɢ ʙᴜᴛ ᴀʟsᴏ ɪɴᴄʀᴇᴀsᴇs ᴇxᴄᴇss ᴜsᴇ ᴏғ ᴘᴇsᴛɪᴄɪᴅᴇs, ғᴇʀᴛɪʟɪᴢᴇʀs, ᴄᴀᴜsɪɴɢ ʟᴀɴᴅ ᴅᴇɢʀᴀᴅᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴀɴᴅ ᴡᴀᴛᴇʀ ᴘᴏʟʟᴜᴛɪᴏɴ.✅️

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• Tᴏᴘsᴏɪʟ ᴄᴏɴsɪsᴛs ᴏғ ᴍᴏsᴛ ᴡᴇᴀᴛʜᴇʀᴇᴅ ᴍɪɴᴇʀᴀʟ ᴀɴᴅ ᴏʀɢᴀɴɪᴄ ᴍᴀᴛᴇʀɪᴀʟ. Bɪᴏʟᴏɢɪᴄᴀʟ ᴀɢᴇɴᴛs ᴀʀᴇ ᴀʟsᴏ ʀᴇsᴘᴏɴsɪʙʟᴇ ғᴏʀ ᴛʜᴇ ʙʀᴇᴀᴋᴅᴏᴡɴ ᴏғ ᴄᴏᴍᴘʟᴇx ᴏʀɢᴀɴɪᴄ ᴍᴀᴛᴛᴇʀ ᴡʜɪᴄʜ ʀᴇʟᴇᴀsᴇs sɪᴍᴘʟᴇ ɴᴜᴛʀɪᴇɴᴛs. Tʜɪs ᴘʀᴏᴄᴇss ᴏғ ᴍɪɴᴇʀᴀʟɪsᴀᴛɪᴏɴ ᴍᴀᴋᴇ sᴏɪʟ ғᴇʀᴛɪʟᴇ.✅️