Give reasons why Na is not found in free state.
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Because of its high reactivity it does not occur in free state. ... Because it is extremely reactive. For example, if you expose sodium surface to air, it will react in seconds, if you expose it to water it will cause explosion because reaction releases hydrogen and lots of heat.
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Sodium and the other alkali metals are highly reactive elements with low ionization potentials.
Sodium has only one electron in the 3s orbital of its outermost shell, and it can easily form stable ionic compounds by losing that unpaired electron. So, it is extremely difficult for the metal to exist in free state.
In fact metals like sodium and potassium react vigorously with water even at low temperatures.
Sodium was isolated for the first time in 1807 by the legendary, passionate English chemist Humphry Davy by electrolysis of molten sodium hydroxide. Potassium was also isolated and discovered by Davy earlier in the same year by similar process.