give the number and names of obligatory taxonomic categories
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Species (used both as singular and plural) is a natural population of individuals or group of populations which resemble one another in all essential morphological and reproductive characters so that they are able to interbreed freely and produce fertile offspring.
Mango is species indica of genus Mangifera (Mangifera indica). Potato is species tuberosum of genus Solarium (Solarium tuberosum). Lion’s species is Leo of genus Panthera (Panthera Leo) while Tiger’s species is tigris of genus Panthera (Panthera tigris).
Each species is also called genetically distinct and reproductively isolated natural population. Mayr (1964) has defined species as “a group of actually or potentially interbreeding populations that are reproductively isolated from other such groups”. However there are two objections for using interbreeding as a sole criterion for delimitation of a species.
(i) Occasional hybrids occur in nature due to breakdown of mechanical, physiological, spatial and seasonal barriers between species. Interspecific hybrids have been obtained since ages artificially by man, e.g., mule. Hybrids between closely related species are often obtained in captivity. These hybrids are generally sterile, but some are fertile as well.
A few examples are given below:
(a) Mule (sterile) — Female horse and male donkey
Mango is species indica of genus Mangifera (Mangifera indica). Potato is species tuberosum of genus Solarium (Solarium tuberosum). Lion’s species is Leo of genus Panthera (Panthera Leo) while Tiger’s species is tigris of genus Panthera (Panthera tigris).
Each species is also called genetically distinct and reproductively isolated natural population. Mayr (1964) has defined species as “a group of actually or potentially interbreeding populations that are reproductively isolated from other such groups”. However there are two objections for using interbreeding as a sole criterion for delimitation of a species.
(i) Occasional hybrids occur in nature due to breakdown of mechanical, physiological, spatial and seasonal barriers between species. Interspecific hybrids have been obtained since ages artificially by man, e.g., mule. Hybrids between closely related species are often obtained in captivity. These hybrids are generally sterile, but some are fertile as well.
A few examples are given below:
(a) Mule (sterile) — Female horse and male donkey
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1species.2genus.3family.4order.5class.6.variety for plants and phylum for animals.7kingdom.
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