Question

Give the three fundamental characters of chordates

Answer 1

Characteristics of Chordata. Animals in the phylum Chordata share four key features that appear at some stage during their development: a notochord, a dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, and a post-anal tail (Figure 2). In some groups, some of these are present only during embryonic development.

Answer 2

Answer:

1. Single, hollow nerve cord beneath dorsal surface; in vertebrates, it differentiates into brain and spinal cord

2. Notochord: flexible rod on the dorsal side of gut, present at one stage in all chordates; displaced in vertebrates by vertebral column that forms around the nerve cord

3. Pharyngeal slits (pouches) connect pharynx (between mouth and esophagus) with outside ? gills in sharks, fish; present in terrestrial animal embryos but disappear later except Eustachian tube (connecting throat and middle ear)

4. Postanal tail extends beyond anus; present at least in embryo; regresses into tail bone in humans

5. Segmentation: reflected in arrangement of muscles (somites) and in vertebral column (both mesoderm)

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