"Healthy mother can only give birth of a healthy baby."Justify
Answers
Answer:
April 2002) The past century witnessed a revolution in health care, yet millions of women still endure the risks of pregnancy and childbirth under conditions virtually unchanged over time. Maternal complications take a serious toll on women. Tragically, millions of stillbirths and newborn deaths result from many of the same preventable causes.
Every year, 4 million babies are stillborn. Another 4 million newborns die before they reach the first month of life.1 As with maternal deaths, 98 percent of newborn deaths occur in developing countries. While there have been significant declines in infant and child mortality in the developing world in recent decades, there has been little progress in reducing the death rate for mothers and newborns. As a result, newborn deaths now represent 40 percent of all deaths among children under 5 years of age.2 To sustain previous health gains and meet the United Nations Millennium Development Goals, policymakers need to place much greater emphasis on proven, cost-effective measures to save maternal and newborn lives.
Making motherhood safer is critical to saving newborns. Research shows that a significant number of stillbirths and neonatal deaths could be prevented if all women were adequately nourished and received good quality care during pregnancy, delivery, and the postpartum period.3 But safe motherhood is only one part of the equation. Policymakers must ensure that health care is available for newborns as well as their mothers. From the moment of birth, each newborn is a separate individual with needs that may depend not only on the mother, but also may require special attention.
Explanation:
NEWBORN HEALTH BEGINS WITH MOTHERS
To a considerable extent, the well-being of a newborn depends on the health of the mother. In developing countries, a mother’s death in childbirth means almost certain death for her newly born child. When mothers are malnourished, sickly, or receive inadequate prenatal and delivery care, their babies face a higher risk of disease and premature death. The rate of neonatal death is thus high in regions where the risk of maternal death is high (see Table 1). Recent estimates show that in Africa, for example, a woman’s risk of dying from maternal causes over her lifetime is one in 19; and one of every five African women risks losing a newborn during her lifetime.4 Neonatal and maternal deaths place a significant burden on health systems as well as on women and families. A recent report revealed the extent of loss of healthy life from newborn deaths; for example, it represents more than 8 percent of the total disease burden in sub-Saharan Africa and nearly 14 percent in South Asia.5
Table 1
Lifetime Risks to Mothers
Lifetime risk that a woman will lose a newborn* Lifetime risk that a woman will die of maternal causes
Africa 1 in 5 1 in 19
Asia 1 in 11 1 in 132
Latin America 1 in 21 1 in 188
More developed countries 1 in 125 1 in 2,976
* Deaths to babies between birth and 28 days.
Source: Calculated from most recent rates available from Save the Children (neonatal mortality), Population Reference Bureau (total fertility rate), and UNICEF (maternal mortality ratio).
The survival and well-being of newborns depend on their mothers in several critical ways.
Birth Spacing and Newborn Survival
First, newborn health is affected by the timing and frequency of pregnancy. Women who give birth when they are too young or too old, or have babies too closely spaced, place themselves and their newborns at increased risk of complications. Research clearly highlights the association between newborn and infant mortality and birth interval. Infants born less than two to three years apart are significantly more likely to die. For example, a newborn who is less than 24 months younger than the next oldest sibling is 2.2 times more likely to die than a newborn who arrives after 36 months (see Figure 1).6 In addition, women who have borne many children are at a higher risk of maternal mortality, and their newborns are at increased risk of death as well. Effective use of family planning methods can contribute to improved maternal and newborn health by helping women avoid pregnancy when the risk of a poor outcome is high.
Answer:
Healthy mother can only give birth to healthy child because the healthy mother, healthy baby programm addresses mental risk behaviour and provides women with support during pregnancy. The programme targets pregnant women who are unable access antenatal care services or who needs extra support because they are at risk of poorer health outcomes.
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