Question

Hello friends,

Plz explain this question in details.

My question is :-

Describe the characteristics of a Homologous series with example.

Best of luck.

Thanks.

Answer 1

The characteristics of a homologous series are:
1. The members of a particular homologous series have almost same chemical properties due to presence of same functional group.

2. The physical properties like solubility, melting point, boiling point state of members of a homologous series either gradually increase or decrease with increase in molecular mass of 6.
3. Examples are alkanols ( alcohols ) ethanol, alkanals ( aldehyde ) propanal.

Answer 2

Hey there !!


$\bf{ Homologous \: Series }$ :- A homologous series is a group of organic compounds having similar structures and similar chemical properties in which the successive compounds differ by $CH \tiny{2}$ group.


$\boxed{ \boxed{ \bf Characteristics \: of \: a \: Homologous \: series.}}$


1. All the members of a homeowners series can be represented by the same general formula.

→ For example :- all the members of the Alkane series can be represented by the general formula $\large C \tiny{n} \large H \tiny{2n + 2}.$


2. Any two adjacent homologues differ by one carbon atom and two hydrogen atom in their molecular formulae.

→ For example :- The first two adjacent homologues of the Alkane series, Methane $( CH \tiny{4}$ ) and Ethane $( \large C \tiny{2} \large H \tiny{6} .$ ) differ by one carbon atom and two hydrogen atom difference between $CH \tiny{4}$ and $\large C \tiny{2} \large H \tiny{6} .$ is
$CH \tiny{2}$ .


3. The difference of the molecular masses of any two adjacent homologues is 14 u.

For example :- The molecular mass of Methane $( CH \tiny{4}$ ) is 16 u, and that of its next higher homologues Ethane $( \large C \tiny{2} \large H \tiny{6} .$ ) 30 u. So, the difference in molecular mass of Ethane Methane is 30 - 16 = 14 u.


4. All the compounds of homologues series show similar chemical properties.

For example :- All the compounds of Alkane series like Methane, Ethane, propane, etc., undergo substitution reaction with chlorine.


5. The members of homologues series show a gradual change in their physical properties with increase in molecular mass.

For example :- In the Alkane series as the number of carbon atoms per molecule increases, the melting points, boiling points, and densities of its member increase gradually.


✔✔ Hence, it is solved ✅✅.

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