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Answer 1

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1. Simple Harmonic Motion or SHM is defined as a motion in which the restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement of the body from its mean position. .The acceleration of a particle executing simple harmonic motion is given by, a(t) = -ω2 x(t).
2. A mass m suspended by a wire of length L is a simple pendulum and undergoes simple harmonic motion for amplitudes less than about 15º. The period of a simple pendulum is T=2π√Lg T = 2 π L g , where L is the length of the string and g is the acceleration due to gravity.
3. A wave is a physical phenomenon characterized by its frequency, wavelength, and amplitude. In general, waves transfer energy from one location to another, in which case they have a velocity.
4. In a transverse wave, the particles are displaced perpendicular to the direction the wave travels. Examples of transverse waves include vibrations on a string and ripples on the surface of water. In a longitudinal wave the particles are displaced parallel to the direction the wave travels.
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6. A sound wave is the pattern of disturbance caused by the movement of energy traveling through a medium (such as air, water, or any other liquid or solid matter) as it propagates away from the source of the sound. The source is some object that causes a vibration, such as a ringing telephone, or a person's vocal chords.
7. Loudness is defined as the property of sound which is used for differentiating between the loud and faint sound
8. Pitch, in music, position of a single sound in the complete range of sound. Sounds are higher or lower in pitch according to the frequency of vibration of the sound waves producing them
9. In response theory, the quality of an excited system is related to the number of excitation frequencies to which it can respond.