Heredity and common genetic diseases
Exercise
1. Answer the following questions in one sentence.
• 1) Name one X linked genetic disease.
• 2)Name one Y linked genetic disease.
• 3)Name one autosomal recessive disorder in man.
• 4)Which are the types of genetic variations found in man?
• 5)Name two characters found in pea plant that was used by Mendel to find out the monohybrid cross?
• 6)Which colour of hair coat in the Guineapig was found to be dominant trait in the cross
performed by Mendel?
• 7)In the F1 generation of the monohybrid cross which trait appears as the phenotype
character?
• 8)Name the law deduced from the dihybrid cross of the pea plant.
• 9)Monohybrid cross has one exception in the law deduced from it,name the law which tells
about the exception.
• 10) How many characters are required to prove the dihybrid cross?
Answers
Explanation:
1)))Diseases such as hemophilia and Duchenne muscular dystrophy occur from a recessive gene on the X chromosome. In each pregnancy, if the mother is a carrier of a certain disease (she has only one abnormal X chromosome) and the father is not a carrier for the disease, the expected outcome is: 25% chance of a healthy boy.
2)))Genetic Diseases, Inborn.
Adrenal Hyperplasia, Congenital.
Alagille Syndrome.
alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency.
Anemia, Hemolytic, Congenital.
Anemia, Hypoplastic, Congenital.
Angioedemas, Hereditary.
Ataxia Telangiectasia.
3))What are some of the different types of autosomal recessive disorders? Examples of autosomal recessive disorders include cystic fibrosis, sickle cell anemia, and Tay-Sachs disease.
4))Structural variations, such as copy-number variation and deletions, inversions, insertions and duplications, account for much more human genetic variation than single nucleotide diversity. This was concluded in 2007 from analysis of the diploid full sequences of the genomes of two humans: Craig Venter and James D.
5)))Two of the pea lines studied by Mendel bred true for the character of flower color. One line bred true for purple flowers; the other, for white flowers. Any plant in the purple-flowered line—when selfed or when crossed with others from the same line—produced seeds that all grew into plants with purple flowers.2 days
6))All F1-hybrid plants have the genotype Ss and all are spherical (dominant characteristic). The recessive alleles segregate during gamete formation. As a result, one out of four possible combinations of F2-generation plants will have the homozygous recessive genotype (ss).
7))Mendelian Genetics — Principles of Inheritance & 3 Laws. The key principles of Mendelian inheritance are summed up by Mendel's three laws: the Law of Independent Assortment, Law of Dominance, and Law of Segregation.
8))1)Black coloured hair Guinea pig was found to be dominant trait in the cross performed by Mendel. 2) In F1 generation of the monohybrid cross phenotype character expresses dominant trait.
9))These include:
Multiple alleles. Mendel studied just two alleles of his pea genes, but real populations often have multiple alleles of a given gene.
Incomplete dominance. ...
Codominance. ...
Pleiotropy. ...
Lethal alleles. ...
10))Dihybrid Cross. Given the principles revealed in a monohybrid cross, Mendel hypothesized that the result of two characters segregating simultaneously (a dihybrid cross) would be the product of their independent occurrence. Consider two characters, seed color and seed shape.
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