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DISTRIBUTION OF NATURAL VEGETATION
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Explanation:
The term natural vegetation means plants that have grown itself without the help of human hands and the land is left untouched for a long period of time.
In India, natural vegetation is found in abundance.
There are mainly 5 types of Natural vegetation, namely – Tropical Evergreen Forests, Tropical Deciduous Forests, Tropical Thorn Forests and Scrubs, Montane Forests and Mangrove Forests.
Tropical Rain Forests
As the name suggests, they are in areas that see heavy rainfall of 200 cm and above.
The forests are thick and dense, preventing sunlight from reaching the ground.
Many trees in this vegetation shed their leaves at different times of the year.
They are also called Evergreen Forest because they appear green year round.
Some trees found in this region are Ebony, Rosewood, Rubber etc.
In India, parts that witness this vegetation are Andaman and Nicobar Island, some parts of North East, a small strip of the western side in the Western Ghats.
Animals found in Tropical Rain Forests are butterflies, spiders, snakes, frogs, sloths etc.
Tropical Deciduous Forests
Also known as the monsoon forests, these forests are very common in our country.
They are not as thick and shed leaves at a specific time of the year. They are found in areas with rainfall of 70-200 cm.
Some trees found in this region are Teak, Shisham, Sal, Neem, and Cinchona etc.
In India, parts that are covered with Tropical Deciduous forests are Odisha, Bihar, Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, UP, Chhattisgarh, and parts of Maharashtra.
Animals found in this area are deer, porcupines, fox, etc.
Thorny Bushes
They are found in dry areas of India.
The leaves are thorny and lose water easily, thereby making the plants dry.
Some trees found in this region are Keekar, Bamboo, Cactus, Khair.
In India, they are present in Punjab, Gujarat, Haryana, Eastern stretch of the Western Ghats and Rajasthan.
Animals found in this area include lions, rats, mice, tiger etc.
Mountain Vegetation
As the name suggests, they are located at higher altitudes.
The trees in the altitude range of 1000-2000 meters are evergreen and broad like Oak. The trees are conical in shape and are found at heights varying from 1500-3000 meters. For example – Pine, Cedar, etc. At altitude over 3600 meters, Alpine vegetation is found with trees like silver fir, jumpers etc.
Some trees found in this region are Chir, Fir, Deodar, Maple, and Pine.
In India, Himalayan portions of Jammu and Kashmir, Assam, Meghalaya etc. have this vegetation kind.
Snow leopards, pandas, wild yaks, wild goats etc. are some commonly found animals here