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microorganisms are found in different climatic condition .Why?
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Because there are many types microorganisms and they have different characteristics. That's why microorganisms are found in different climatic conditions.
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Generally,an increase in temperature will increase enzyme activity. But if temperatures get too high, enzyme activity will diminish and the protein (the enzyme) will denature. Every bacterial species has specific growth temperature requirements which is largely determined by the temperature requirements of its enzymes.
Spoilage bacteria can grow at cold temperatures, such as in the refrigerator. Eventually they cause food to develop off or bad tastes and smells. However, some bacteria such as Listeria monocytogenes thrive at cold temperatures, and if present, will grow in the refrigerator and could cause illness.
Yet bacteria thrive for warmth because their enzymes function most efficiently between an optimum temperature and their growth rate is increased considerably in this temperature range. There are bacteria that thrive better in Hot (not just warm) and the others that require colder temperatures to grow.
Bacteria grow most rapidly in the range of temperatures between 40 °F and 140 °F, ( 4.4°C- 60°C) doubling in number in as little as 20 minutes. This range of temperatures is often called the "Danger Zone." To learn more about the "Danger Zone" visit the FSIS fact sheet titled Danger Zone.
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