Question

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WHAT WILL HAPPEN WHEN ANILINE REACTS WITH SODIUM NITRITE AND HYDROCHLORIC ACID FOLLOWED BY HYDROLYSIS.

GIVE THE COMPLETE REACTION AND ITS MECHANISM.


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Answer 1

Nano2 and hcl reacts to give hno2 that leads to generation of No2+ elctrophile (by protonation of O of hno2 and removal of h2o molecule).

The lone pair on N of aniline then attacks the No2+ electrophile and subsequent steps lead to formation of diazonium salt (phN2+ Cl-)

Temperature is mentioned bcoz diazonium salt is stable around 0 degree Celsius and decompose above 5 degree Celsius

Answer 2

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The reaction occuring are as follows :-

1. When Aniline reacts with sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid, then Nitration will be occur and it will form a diazonium salt.

This process is done at a temperature between 273 K and 278 K.

Now,

2. When the diazonium salt is hydrolysed at temperature on boiling point, it will further go under reaction and it will form phenol.

The whole mechanism and reaction is attached in the attachments.

kindly refer to it.