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Q(1) -- Before the start of the 20th century, there were about 62,000 Indians living in South Africa, including the British colonies of Natal and the Cape, and the Boer republics of Transvaal and the Orange Free State (OFS). Most Indians were indentured laborers or newly freed laborers.
Q(2) -- The Champaran Satyagraha of 1917 was the first Satyagraha movement inspired by Gandhi and a major revolt in the Indian Independence Movement. It was a farmer's uprising that took place in Champaran district of Bihar, India during the British colonial period.
Q(3) -- The Jallianwala Bagh also known as the Amritsar massacre, took place on 13 April 1919 when troops of the British Indian Army under the command of Colonel Reginald Dyer fired rifles into a crowd of Indians, who had gathered in Jallianwala Bagh, Amritsar, Punjab. The civilians had assembled for a peaceful protest to condemn the arrest and deportation of two national leaders, Satya Pal and Saifuddin Kitchlew. Raja Ram has argued however, that the Proclamation was ineffective, the crowd formed in deliberate defiance and the event signals a beginning of Indian nationalism.
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Heres ur answer ..
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1)prohibition of mixed marriage
...immortality amendment
...population registration
...group areas act
...suppression of communism
...bantu building workers act
...prevention of illegal squatting
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2) Gandhiji's first grt experiment in satyagraha was accomplished in 1917 in champaran, bihar .the indigo cultivators were greatly exploited by european planters. They were bound by law to grow indigo on 3/20th of their land and sell it to the British planters at a price fixed by them. Gandhiji offered satyagraha as a result of which an inquiry was conducted into the conditions of the peasants. This helped in giving the indigo cultivators a relief.
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3) according to the rowlatt act ...it authorised the govt to imprison any person without a trial and convict.
On the grounds of this act it gave power to the British govt for the firings in the jallianwala bagh tragedy.
On april 13,1919..A large but peaceful crowd gathered at jallianwala bagh in amritsar to protest against the leaders like dr.safuddin kutchlu and dr.satya pal.
General dyer the military commander of amritsar surrounded the bagh with his soldiers. After xlosing the exit with his troops, he ordered them to shoot at the crowd.
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