Question

Hii...frnds... Pls help me with the following question...I need it today so pls try to give the answer quickly... Explain mechanism of monsoon. What are the influensive factors of mechanism of monsoon?

Answer 1

To understand the mechanism of the monsoons, the following facts are important. The differential heating and cooling of land and water creates low pressure on the landmass of India while the seas around experience comparatively high pressure. The shift of the position of Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) in summer, over the Ganga plain (this is the equatorial trough normally positioned about 5°N of the equator – also known as the monsoon trough during the monsoon season). The presence of the high-pressure area, east of Madagascar, approximately at 20°S over the Indian Ocean. The intensity and position of this high-pressure area affects the Indian Monsoon. The Tibetan plateau gets intensely heated during summer, which results in strong vertical air currents and the formation of high pressure over the plateau at about 9 km above sea level. The movement of the westerly jet stream to the north of the Himalayas and the presence of the tropical easterly jet stream over the Indian peninsula during summer.

factors or important fact are as

(a) The differential heating and cooling of
land and water creates low pressure on the
landmass of India while the seas around
experience comparatively high pressure.
(b) The shift of the position of Inter Tropical
Convergence Zone (ITCZ) in summer, over
the Ganga plain (this is the equatorial trough
normally positioned about 5°N of the
equator. It is also known as the monsoon-
trough during the monsoon season).
(c) The presence of the high-pressure area,
east of Madagascar, approximately at
20°S over the Indian Ocean. The intensity
and position of this high-pressure area
affects the Indian Monsoon.
(d) The Tibetan plateau gets intensely
heated during summer, which results in
strong vertical air currents and the
formation of low pressure over the plateau
at about 9 km above sea level.
(e) The movement of the westerly jet stream
to the north of the Himalayas and the
presence of the tropical easterly jet
stream over the Indian peninsula during
summer.

Answer 2

To understand the mechanism of the monsoons, the following facts are important. The differential heating and cooling of land and water creates low pressure on the landmass of India while the seas around experience comparatively high pressure.
The word monsoon in itself is derived from Arabic word ‘mausim’ meaning season, which was used to describe seasonal shift in winds of a region. It always blows from cold to warm regions and are most often associated with the Indian Ocean.

In India the South West monsoon affects the greater part of the country in between June to September and has been studied in details because of high variability and less understanding of the system.

The factors that is responsible for monsoon in India are-

The differential heating and cooling of land and water-The difference in temperature over land and water creates a low-pressure over the land mass in India. This low pressure attracts winds from high pressure area.

The shift of the position of Inter Tropical Convergence Zone-The equatorial Inter Tropical Convergence Zone, which is a low pressure belt of highly unstable weather, moves northward towards India. This shift is also a cause of the onset of monsoon in India.

The presence of high pressure area east of Madagascar-The intense high pressure area that is formed of Madagascar, at approximately 20 degree south over the Indian Ocean causes the wind to flow towards the low pressure over the Indian land mass.

The heating oh Tibetan Plateau-The Tibetan Plateau which gets intensely heated during summer, results its strong vertical air currents and the formation of low pressure over the plateau at about 9 Km above sea level.

The movement of the Westerly Jet Stream-The movement of the Westerly Jet Stream which lies north of the Himalayas creates western cyclonic disturbances, which influence the monsoon rain.

The factors which affect the intensity of monsoon are–

El Nino and La Nina Effects-These affects the latitudinal walker cell in the Pacific Ocean and rainfall pattern in the Asian region. During El Nino Year weak push to Monsoon winds towards India causes less rainfall and draught where as During La Nina years, the push is stronger and causes heavy rain and floods.

Strengths of low pressure over Tibet and high pressure over Southern Indian Ocean- The strengths of low pressure over Tibetan plateau and high pressure over Southern Indian Ocean has always positive effect on Indian monsoon and have high rainfall. Opposite to it has weak monsoon and hence less rainfall.

Somali Jet (Findlater Jet) and Somali Current (Findlater Current) – These effect the intensity of high pressure cell in the Southern Indian Ocean and flow of moisture laden winds to the subcontinent.

Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) –It is defined by the difference in sea surface temperature between two areas (or poles, hence a dipole) – a western pole in the Arabian Sea (western Indian Ocean) and an eastern pole in the eastern Indian Ocean south of Indonesia. The greater than average sea-surface temperatures in Arabian Sea responsible for greater precipitation in the western Indian Ocean region, and vice versa.